Operational service can essentially be described as service overseas by a member of the Australian Defence Force in a time of war, or during war-like operations within a defined operational area.

'Operational service' is defined in Ss6A – 6F of the Veterans' Entitlements Act 1986 (the VEA). Section 6 of the VEA sets out a convenient summary:

S6A

Operational service – world wars

S6B

Operational service – Australian mariners

S6C

Operational service – post World War 2 service in operational areas

S6D

Operational service – other post World War 2 service

S6E

Operational service – Korean demilitarised zone and Vietnam

S6F

Operational service – warlike and non-warlike service

In broad terms, these categories of operational service can be described in the following terms: